Hoto 1. Yayin zagayowar zagayowar a tsaye, tsarin ciyar da coil, babban gefen "kullun" a gaban juzu'in lanƙwasa. Sa'an nan kuma an tura gefen gefen da aka yanke zuwa babban gefen, ƙusa da welded don samar da harsashi na birgima. .
Mai yiwuwa kowa a fagen kera karafa ya saba da na’urar mirgina, ko matsi ne na farko, ko mai biyu-biyu, da jujjuyawar juyi uku, ko nau’in birbishi hudu. Kowannen yana da gazawarsa da fa’idarsa, amma kuma su ma. suna da fasalin gama gari guda ɗaya: suna mirgine zanen gado da zanen gado a wuri mai kwance.
Hanyar da ba ta da masaniya ta ƙunshi gungurawa a tsaye.Kamar sauran hanyoyin, gungurawa a tsaye yana da nasa gazawa da fa'idodi.Wadannan fa'idodin kusan koyaushe suna warware aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen guda biyu.Daya shine tasirin nauyi akan workpiece yayin aikin mirgina, da kuma sauran shi ne ƙananan ingancin sarrafa kayan aiki. Inganta duka biyu na iya inganta aikin aiki kuma a ƙarshe ƙara haɓakar masana'antun.
Fasahar mirgina a tsaye ba sabon abu ba ne. Tushensa yana komawa zuwa ɗimbin tsarin al'ada da aka gina a cikin shekarun 1970. A cikin shekarun 1990, wasu maginin injin sun ba da injin mirgina a tsaye azaman layin samfur na yau da kullun. Fasahar masana'antu daban-daban sun karɓi fasahar, musamman a cikin 1990s. fannin samar da tanki.
Tankuna na gama gari da kwantena waɗanda galibi ana samarwa a tsaye sun haɗa da tankuna da kwantena don abinci da abin sha, kiwo, giya, giya, da masana'antar magunguna;API tankunan ajiyar man fetur;da tankuna masu walda don aikin gona ko ajiyar ruwa. Yin mirgina a tsaye yana rage sarrafa kayan aiki sosai;gabaɗaya yana samar da ingantattun lanƙwasa;kuma mafi inganci yana ciyar da matakan samarwa na gaba na taro, daidaitawa, da walda.
Wani fa'ida ya zo cikin wasa inda ƙarfin ajiyar kayan ya iyakance. Ajiye allon allo ko zanen gado yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙafar murabba'i fiye da alluna ko zanen gado da aka adana a cikin fili mai faɗi.
Yi la'akari da shagon da ke jujjuya bawo (ko "hanyoyi") na manyan tankuna masu diamita a kan rollers a kwance.Bayan mirgina, ma'aikacin ya tabo walda, ya rage firam ɗin gefen, kuma yana zamewa daga harsashi na birgima.Tun da harsashi na bakin ciki yana lanƙwasa ƙarƙashin nauyinsa. , harsashi ko dai yana buƙatar goyon baya tare da masu tsauri ko stabilizers, ko kuma yana buƙatar juyawa zuwa matsayi na tsaye.
Irin wannan babban adadin kulawa - takardar ciyarwa daga matsayi na kwance zuwa cikin juzu'i na kwance, wanda aka fitar da shi kuma an karkatar da shi don stacking bayan mirgina - zai iya haifar da kalubale iri-iri na samarwa. Ana ciyar da zanen gado kuma ana birgima a tsaye, manne, sannan a ɗaga su a tsaye zuwa aiki na gaba. Lokacin da ake mirgina a tsaye, harsashin tanki baya tsayayya da nauyi don haka ba ya raguwa a ƙarƙashin nauyinsa.
Wasu mirgina a tsaye suna faruwa akan na'urori masu jujjuya huɗu, musamman ga ƙananan tankuna masu diamita (yawanci ƙasa da ƙafa 8 a diamita) waɗanda za a aika zuwa ƙasa kuma suyi aiki a tsaye. inda Rolls suka kama farantin), wanda ya fi bayyana a kan ƙananan ƙananan bawo.
Yawancin gwangwani ana birgima a tsaye ta amfani da injunan juzu'i uku, na'urori biyu na collet, ta yin amfani da ɓangarorin ƙarfe ko ciyarwa kai tsaye daga coil (hanyar da ke ƙara zama gama gari).A cikin waɗannan saitin, mai aiki yana amfani da ma'aunin radius ko samfuri don auna radius na yadi.Suna daidaita rollers masu lanƙwasawa lokacin da babban gefen coil ɗin ke cikin lamba, sa'an nan kuma daidaita shi yayin da na'urar ta ci gaba da ciyarwa. kuma mai aiki yana motsa rollers don haifar da ƙarin lanƙwasawa don ramawa.
Springback ya bambanta da kaddarorin kayan aiki da nau'in coil. Diamita na ciki (ID) na nada yana da mahimmanci. Duk sauran abubuwa daidai suke, coil 20-inch. mafi girma sakewa.ID.
Hoto 2. Gungurawa a tsaye ya zama wani ɓangare na yawancin shigarwar filin tanki. Yin amfani da crane, tsarin yawanci yana farawa tare da babban hanya kuma yana ci gaba zuwa mataki na kasa. Lura da waldi guda ɗaya a tsaye a saman hanya.
Lura, duk da haka, cewa jujjuyawar tukunya a tsaye ya bambanta sosai da mirgina farantin mai kauri akan jujjuyawar kwance. Ga na ƙarshe, ma'aikacin yana ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa gefuna na tsiri sun daidaita daidai a ƙarshen zagayowar. diamita ba a sauƙin sake yin aiki ba.
Lokacin da aka samar da harsashi na tanki tare da naɗaɗɗen nada a tsaye, mai aiki ba zai iya barin gefuna su hadu a ƙarshen zagaye na mirgina ba saboda, ba shakka, takardar ta fito ne kai tsaye daga nada. gefen baya har sai an yanke shi daga coil.A cikin waɗannan tsarin, ana jujjuya coil ɗin a cikin cikakken da'irar kafin a zahiri lankwasa rolls sannan a yanke bayan an gama (duba hoto na 1). tura zuwa gaba gaba, amintattu, sa'an nan kuma weded don samar da birgima harsashi.
Pre-lankwasawa da sake jujjuyawa a yawancin raka'o'in da ake ciyar da coil ba su da inganci, ma'ana cewa jagororin su da gefuna na baya suna da sassan sassauƙa waɗanda galibi ana goge su (mai kama da sassan da ba a lanƙwasa ba a cikin mirgina mara amfani) .Wannan ya ce, yawancin masu aiki. duba guntu a matsayin ƙaramin farashi don biyan duk ingantaccen aikin sarrafa kayan juzu'i na tsaye yana ba su.
Duk da haka, wasu masu aiki suna so su yi amfani da mafi yawan kayan da suke da su, don haka sun zaɓi tsarin haɗaɗɗen mirgine. madaidaicin tsayi goma sha biyu waɗanda ke amfani da wasu haɗakar raɗaɗi, daidaitawa, da kuma lanƙwasawa.wato, tsarin na iya samar da ba kawai naɗaɗɗen sassa ba, amma har ma da lebur, lebur billlets.
Fasahar haɓaka ba za ta iya yin kwafin sakamakon tsawaita tsarin daidaitawa da aka yi amfani da su a cikin cibiyoyin sabis ba, amma yana iya samar da kayan da ke da lebur da za a yanke tare da Laser ko plasma. Wannan yana nufin cewa masana'antun na iya amfani da coils don mirgina a tsaye da ayyukan yankan lebur.
Ka yi tunanin wani ma'aikacin da ke mirgina harsashi don sashin tanki ya karɓi oda don batch of blanks don tebur yankan plasma.Bayan ya mirgina harsashi kuma ya aika da shi ƙasa, sai ya saita tsarin don kada mai daidaitawa ba ya ciyar da kai tsaye a tsaye. Rolls.Maimakon haka, mai daidaitawa yana ciyar da kayan lebur wanda za'a iya yanke shi zuwa tsayin da ake so, yana haifar da wani wuri mai laushi don yankan plasma.
Bayan yankan batch na blanks, mai aiki ya sake tsara tsarin don sake dawo da harsashi na tanki. Kuma saboda yana jujjuya kayan lebur, canjin kayan (ciki har da digiri daban-daban na springback) ba batun bane.
A mafi yawan yankunan masana'antu da masana'antu, masana'antun suna nufin haɓaka ƙarar ƙirƙira na kantin sayar da kayayyaki don sauƙaƙewa da sauƙaƙe filayen filayen da shigarwa.Duk da haka, don kera manyan tankuna da manyan gine-gine irin wannan, wannan doka ba ta aiki, musamman saboda ƙalubalen sarrafa kayan aiki waɗanda irin waɗannan ayyukan ke gabatarwa.
Yin aiki a wurin aiki, naɗaɗɗen murɗa a tsaye yana sauƙaƙe sarrafa kayan aiki da sauƙaƙa duk tsarin masana'antar tanki (duba Hoto 2) Yana da sauƙin jigilar juzu'in ƙarfe zuwa wurin aiki fiye da fitar da jerin manyan sassa a cikin bita.Bugu da ƙari. , mirgina a kan-site yana nufin cewa hatta manyan tankunan diamita ana iya kera su da waldi ɗaya kawai.
Kawo mai daidaitawa zuwa filin yana ba da damar ƙarin sassaucin ra'ayi a cikin ayyukan filin.Wannan zaɓi ne na kowa don samar da tanki a kan shafin yanar gizon, inda aikin da aka kara da shi ya ba da damar masana'antun su gina tankunan tanki ko kasa a kan shafin daga madaidaiciyar nada, kawar da sufuri tsakanin shagon. da kuma wurin aiki.
Hoto 3. Wasu juzu'i na tsaye an haɗa su tare da tsarin samar da tanki na kan-site.Jack ɗin yana ɗaga hanyar da aka yi birgima a baya ba tare da buƙatar crane ba.
Wasu ayyukan filin suna haɗa juzu'i a tsaye cikin babban tsari-ciki har da yankan da raka'a walda da aka yi amfani da su tare da jakunkuna na ɗagawa na musamman - suna cire buƙatar crane na kan layi (duba Hoto 3).
An gina tanki gaba ɗaya daga sama zuwa ƙasa, amma tsarin yana farawa daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Ga yadda yake aiki: Nada ko takardar yana wucewa ta cikin juzu'i a tsaye kawai inci kaɗan daga inda bangon tanki yake a filin. Sannan ana ciyar da bangon. A cikin jagororin da ke ɗauke da takardar kamar yadda ake ciyar da shi a kewaye da dukan kewayen tanki. Ana dakatar da rolls na tsaye, an yanke ƙarshen, kuma an sanya suturar kowane tsaye da kuma welded. The stiffener taron yana welded zuwa harsashi. , jack ɗin yana ɗaga harsashi na birgima sama. Maimaita tsari don harsashi na gaba a ƙasa.
An yi welds na kewaye tsakanin sassan biyu na birgima, sannan aka tattara manyan tankuna a wuri - yayin da tsarin ya kasance kusa da ƙasa kuma an yi bawo na sama biyu kawai. shirye-shiryen harsashi na gaba, kuma tsarin ya ci gaba - duk ba tare da buƙatar crane ba.
Lokacin da aikin ya kai mafi ƙasƙanci, faranti masu kauri suna shiga cikin wasa. Wasu masu samar da tanki a kan shafin suna amfani da faranti mai kauri 3/8 zuwa 1 inch, kuma a wasu lokuta ma sun fi nauyi. kawai ya daɗe, don haka waɗannan ƙananan sassan za su sami madaidaicin waldi masu yawa waɗanda ke haɗa sassan da aka yi birgima.A kowane hali, tare da injunan tsaye a kan wurin, za a iya sauke zanen gado a tafi ɗaya kuma a naɗa su a kan wurin don yin amfani da kai tsaye a ginin tanki.
Wannan tsarin ginin tanki yana kwatanta ingancin sarrafa kayan da aka samu (aƙalla a wani ɓangare) ta hanyar jujjuyawar tsaye. Tabbas, kamar yadda yake tare da kowace fasaha, gungurawa tsaye ba ta samuwa ga duk aikace-aikacen. Dacewar sa ya dogara da ingantaccen aiki da ya haifar.
Yi la'akari da wani masana'anta wanda ke shigar da nadi na tsaye wanda ba a ciyar da shi ba don yin ayyuka iri-iri, yawancin su ƙananan ƙananan bawo ne waɗanda ke buƙatar riga-kafi (lankwasawa da manyan gefuna da gefuna na workpiece don rage girman da ba a tanƙwara ba).Wadannan ayyuka Suna iya yiwuwa a zahiri akan jujjuyawar tsaye, amma lankwasawa a tsaye yana da wahala sosai. A mafi yawan lokuta, mirgina a tsaye ba shi da inganci ga babban adadin ayyukan da ke buƙatar riga-kafi.
Baya ga batutuwan sarrafa kayan, masana'antun sun haɗa juzu'i na tsaye don guje wa faɗakar da nauyi (sake don guje wa buckling na manyan wuraren da ba a tallafa musu ba).Duk da haka, idan aiki kawai ya haɗa da mirgina jirgi mai ƙarfi don kiyaye siffarsa a duk lokacin da ake birgima, sa'an nan kuma mirginawa. allon a tsaye ba ya da ma'ana sosai.
Har ila yau, aikin asymmetric (ovals da sauran siffofi masu ban sha'awa) yawanci sun fi dacewa a kan raye-rayen kwance, tare da goyon bayan sama idan ana so.suna jagorantar aiki ta hanyar hawan keke kuma suna taimakawa kula da siffar asymmetric na kayan aiki. Kalubalen aiki irin wannan aiki a cikin daidaitawa na tsaye zai iya ƙin kowane fa'ida na gungurawa tsaye.
Irin wannan ra'ayi ya shafi jujjuyawar juzu'i. Rolling Cones suna dogara ne akan juzu'in da ke tsakanin rollers da adadin matsa lamba daga wannan ƙarshen rollers zuwa wancan. amma ga dukkan alamu, mirgina mazugi a tsaye ba shi da amfani.
Yin amfani da injunan juzu'i na juyi uku a tsaye shima ba ya da amfani. A cikin waɗannan injunan, juzu'i biyu na ƙasa suna motsawa hagu da dama ta kowace hanya;Ana iya daidaita babban nadi sama da ƙasa. Waɗannan gyare-gyaren suna ba da damar waɗannan injuna su lanƙwasa hadadden geometries da kayan nadi na kauri daban-daban. A mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan fa'idodin ba su inganta ta hanyar gungurawa tsaye.
Lokacin zabar na'ura mai jujjuya farantin, yana da mahimmanci don yin bincike da la'akari da yin amfani da na'urar da aka yi niyya a hankali da kuma sosai.A tsaye Rolls sun fi iyakancewa a cikin ayyuka fiye da na'urorin kwance na gargajiya, amma a cikin aikace-aikacen da ya dace suna ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci.
Idan aka kwatanta da kwance farantin lankwasawa inji, a tsaye farantin lankwasawa inji kullum da karin asali zane, aiki da kuma gina halaye.Also, Rolls sau da yawa oversized ga aikace-aikace don kunsa rawanin (da zagaye ko hourglass effects cewa faruwa a workpieces a lokacin da rawanin ba da kyau). gyare-gyare don aikin da ke hannun .Lokacin da aka yi amfani da su tare da decoilers, suna samar da wani abu na bakin ciki don dukan tanki na kantin, yawanci ba fiye da 21 ƙafa 6 inci a diamita. Ana iya samar da tankunan da aka shigar da filin tare da manyan darussan saman diamita. tare da waldi ɗaya kawai a tsaye maimakon uku ko fiye.
Bugu da ƙari, babban amfani da mirgina a tsaye shi ne cewa tanki ko akwati yana buƙatar ginawa a cikin madaidaicin matsayi saboda tasirin nauyi akan kayan da aka fi dacewa (misali, har zuwa 1/4 ko 5/16 inch) . yin amfani da zoben ƙarfafawa ko ƙarfafawa don kula da siffar zagaye na ɓangaren da aka yi birgima.
Haƙiƙanin fa'ida na rolls na tsaye shine ingantaccen sarrafa kayan aiki.Ƙananan lokutan shinge yana buƙatar yin amfani da shi, ƙarancin yuwuwar za a lalata shi da sake yin aiki.Yi la'akari da babban buƙatun tankunan ƙarfe a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, wanda yanzu ya fi kowane lokaci aiki fiye da kowane lokaci. .Rough handling zai iya haifar da kwaskwarima al'amurran da suka shafi ko, mafi muni, wani passivation Layer cewa karya saukar da haifar da gurbataccen samfurin.Vertical Rolls aiki a tandem tare da yankan, waldi da kuma karewa tsarin don rage handling da dama ga contamination.Lokacin da wannan ya faru, masana'antun girbi. amfanin.
FABRICATOR ita ce babbar mujallar masana'antar kere kere ta Arewacin Amurka.Mujallar tana ba da labarai, labarai na fasaha da tarihin shari'a waɗanda ke ba masana'antun damar yin ayyukansu da inganci.FABRICATOR yana hidimar masana'antar tun 1970.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-16-2022